Spacecraft Mass Ratios

Mass Ratio / Payload Fraction

ISP (Sea Level Launch)

235
Solids
Minuteman

250
Solids
Peacekeeper

265
RP-1/LOX
F-1

360
LH2/LOX
SSME

380
LH2/Nuke
NERVA

780
LH2/Nuke
Timberwind

100 (1% Payload)

10,617

11,294

11,972

16,264

17,167

35,238

40 (2.5% Payload)

8,504

9,047

9,590

13,028

13,751

28,227

20 (5% Payload)

6,906

7,347

7,788

10,580

11,167

22,923

10 (10% Payload)

5,308

5,647

5,986

8,132

8,584

17,619

5 (20% Payload)

3,710

3,947

4,184

5,684

6,000

12,315

3.33 (30% Payload)

2,773

2,950

3,127

4,248

4,484

9,205

2.5 (40% Payload)

2,112

2,247

2,382

3,236

3,416

7,011

2 (50% Payload)

1,598

1,700

1,802

2,448

2,584

5,304

1.67 (60% Payload)

1,182

1,258

1,333

1,811

1,912

3,924

1.43 (70% Payload)

825

877

930

1,263

1,333

2,737

1.25 (80% Payload)

514

547

580

788

832

1,707

1.11 (90% Payload)

241

256

271

369

389

799

Mass Ratio / Payload Fraction

ISP (Vacuum Launch)

260
Solids
Minuteman

280
Solids
Peacekeeper

300
RP-1/LOX
F-1

450
LH2/LOX
SSME

825
LH2/Nuke
NERVA

1,000
LH2/Nuke
Timberwind

100 (1% Payload)

11,746

12,649

13,553

20,330

37,271

45,177

40 (2.5% Payload)

9,409

10,133

10,856

16,285

29,855

36,188

20 (5% Payload)

7,641

8,229

8,816

13,225

24,245

29,388

10 (10% Payload)

5,873

6,325

6,777

10,165

18,635

22,588

5 (20% Payload)

4,105

4,421

4,737

7,105

13,026

15,789

3.33 (30% Payload)

3,068

3,304

3,540

5,311

9,736

11,801

2.5 (40% Payload)

2,337

2,517

2,697

4,045

7,416

8,989

2 (50% Payload)

1,768

1,904

2,040

3,060

5,610

6,800

1.67 (60% Payload)

1,308

1,409

1,509

2,264

4,150

5,031

1.43 (70% Payload)

912

982

1,053

1,579

2,895

3,509

1.25 (80% Payload)

569

613

657

985

1,806

2,189

1.11 (90% Payload)

266

287

307

461

845

1,024